Medicalization and Securitization of the Administrative-Public Sphere in the Conditions of the Pandemic in Russia and Germany

Against the background of the widespread introduction of a wide range of social and medical measures to protect the health of citizens in order to prevent the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, attention is drawn to the growing socio-political trend of medicalization of the entire administrative and public sphere. It is reflected in the increasingly clear "securitization" of many parts of public power, which is reflected in the ongoing redistribution and transformation of police powers. A number of world governments are taking actions to combat the pandemic, from imposing responsibility for poor compliance with the introduced antiepidemiological restrictions to developing a vaccine and conducting mass vaccinations, as a result of which lawmaking is actively pursued. In the extraordinary conditions in Russia, as in other countries of the world, the most effective measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection and overcome its consequences were in demand - measures of administrative coercion. The state actively uses the entire arsenal of legal means, including measures of administrative prevention, administrative procedural support and administrative punishment. In the article, the authors analyzed the administrative and legal norms of the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany, aimed at preventing the import and spread of a new corona virus infection (COVID-19). The trends in the expansion of the scale of administrative and police control, the influence of the state on changing the standards of behavior of citizens and the lifestyle of the population, and the movement of significant segments of crime into cyberspace are illustrated. Comprehension of the latest domestic and foreign experience, forms and methods of police-legal influence in order to reflect the danger, confirms the high relevance and important theoretical significance of the study. The authors conclude that at present both for Russia and for Germany the issues of redistribution and transformation of police powers in the administrative-public sphere of any state, reflecting the processes of medicalization and securitization of various links and sectors of public power in response to existential threats, are relevant and promising. directions of scientific research.

1. Burlakov V N., Shchepel‘kov V F., Diveeva N. I. Criminological Security in the Sphere of Preventive Medicine: Risks and Their Prevention. Russian Journal of Criminology. 2020;14(5):647-659. http://doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(5).647-659 (In Russ.).

2. Mikhel D. V Medicalization as a Social Phenomenon. Vestnik Saratov State Technical University. 2011;4-2:256-263. (In Russ.).

3. Tambovtseva M. A. Theoretical Approach of Copenhagen School to Ensuring International Security: the Basic Provisions of Securitization Theory. Historical, Philosophical, Political and Law Sciences, Culturology and Study of Art. Issues of Theory and Practice. 2017;9:185-187. (In Russ.).

4. Kravets I. A. A “Worthy Man” (“Homo Dignus”) in Modern Constitutionalism and in the Legal Regulation of the Status of a Person (Domestic, Comparative and International Aspects). Tomsk State University Journal. 2020;459:242-255. https://doi.org/10.17223/15617793/459/30 (In Russ.).

5. Starostin S. A. Administrative Coercion: Problems of Theory, Legislation and Practice. Tomsk State University Journal of Law. 2021;39:93-108. https://doi.org/10.17223/22253513/39/8 (In Russ.).

6. Serebrennikova A. V Criminological Problems of the Digital World (Digital Criminology). Russian Journal of Criminology. 2020;14(3):423-430. https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(3).423-430 (In Russ.).

7. Schwarz K.-A. Das Infektionsschutzgesetz und die Grundrechte - ein Lehrstuck zum verfassungsrechtlichen Freiheitsver-standnis bei drohenden Gefahren. Juristische Arbeitsblatter. 2020:321-326. (In German). 34 URL: https://www1.wdr.de/radio/cosmo/programm/sendungen/radio-po-russki/masche-102.html

8. Bavsun M. V Problems of Determining the Contents of the Subject and Method of Criminal Law Within the Current Concept of the Development of Public Relations. Russian Journal of Criminology. 2020;14(4):570-580. https://doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(4).570-580 (In Russ.).