Criminal Procedure Conflict: Development Prerequisites, Concept and Types

 Traditionally, law is studied primarily as a means of regulating and protecting public relations. The article is an attempt to rethink this paradigm in relation to criminal procedure law, from the point of view of the fact that it is presented here as a means of influencing social conflict. The Author submits a critical analysis of the currently available few works on the stated  problem. In particular, he points out the inadmissibility of mixing such categories as “conflict” and “contradiction”, which results in an opinion about the benefits of conflict as a factor in the development of social systems, to which he refers to the system of criminal procedure relations. In contrast to the presented point of view, the article considers conflict as the least effective means of resolving social contradictions, and, therefore, one of the tasks of criminal procedure law is to minimize social conflicts in the field of criminal procedure relations.
The issue of the nature of social conflicts arising in the sphere of relations  subject to the influence of criminal procedure law is considered in detail. In his reasoning, the Author of the article proceeds from the fact that the basis of such conflicts is the conflict of goals, interests of their participants, as well  as the means used by them in their implementation. This allowed him to  identify three types of criminal procedure conflicts: conflict of goals, conflict  of interests and conflict of funds.
The criminal procedural conflict in the article is classified as a social conflict,  which distinguishes the Author's approach from the usual forensic view of this problem. Moreover, such conflicts also include interpersonal conflicts arising between participants in criminal procedural relations. In addition to  interpersonal criminal procedural conflicts, the article examines the nature  and social foundations of the conflict between society and the state, which  can be provoked by criminal procedure law.
In the study, criminal procedure law is viewed from a slightly different angle than it was before, namely, as a social tool for minimizing conflicts arising in connection with the application of the norms of criminal procedure  legislation. 

1. Baev O. A. Konfliktnye situatsii na predvaritel’nom sledstvii [Conflict Situations During the Preliminary Investigation]. Voronezh, Voronezh University Publ., 1984. 132 p.

2. Baeva N. A. Konflikty v deyatel’nosti advokata – zashchitnika v rossiiskom ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve. Avtoref. dis. kand. yurid. nauk [Conflicts in the Activities of a Lawyer – Defender in Russian Criminal Proceedings. Ext. Abstr. Cand. Legal Sci. Dis.]. Voronezh, 2007. 26 s.

3. Boeva M. V. Taktiko-kommunikativnaya kompetentnost’ sledovatelya [Tactical and Communicative Competence of the Investigator]. Moscow, Yurlitinform Publ., 2010. 152 p.

4. Bushmelev A. A. Konflikt kak faktor samoorganizatsii obshchestva. Avtoref. dis. kand. filosof. nauk [Conflict as a Factor in the Self-Organization of Society. Ext. Abstr. Cand. Philosophical Sci. Dis.]. Nizhny Novgorod, 2005. 39 p.

5. Golovko L. V. Al’ternativy ugolovnomu presledovaniyu v sovremennom prave [Alternatives to Criminal Prosecution in Modern Law]. St. Petersburg, Yuridicheskii tsentr «Press» Publ., 2002. 544 p.

6. Gorokhov S. V. Konflikty v deyatel’nosti sud’i pri razbiratel’stve ugolovnykh del: ponyatie, vidy, pravovye sredstva preduprezhdeniya i razresheniya. Avtoref. dis. kand. yurid. nauk [Conflicts in the Activities of a Judge in Criminal Proceedings: Concept, Types, Legal Means of Prevention and Resolution. Ext. Abstr. Cand. Legal Sci. Dis.]. Voronezh, 2011. 24 p.

7. Zhidkov M. A. Mekhanizmy vyyavleniya i razresheniya sotsial’nykh konfliktov v deyatel’nosti organov vnutrennikh del. Avtoref. dis. kand. sotsiol. nauk [Mechanisms for Identifying and Resolving Social Conflicts in the Activities of Internal Affairs Bodies. Ext. Abstr. Cand. Sociological Sci. Dis.]. Moscow, 2008. 20 p.

8. Zdravomyslov A. G. Fundamental’nye problemy sotsiologii konflikta i dinamika massovogo soznaniya [Fundamental Problems of the Sociology of Conflict and the Dynamics of Mass Consciousness]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya – Sociological Studies, 1993, no. 8, pp. 12–21.

9. Lebedev N. Yu. K voprosu o ponyatii ugolovno-protsessual’nykh konfliktov [Definition of Criminal and Judicial Conflicts]. Izvestiya Altaiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – The News of Altai State University, 2009, no. 2 (62), pp. 92–94.

10. Lebedev N. Yu. Teoreticheskie osnovy konfliktov, voznikayushchikh v protsesse dosudebnogo i sudebnogo proizvodstva po ugolovnomu delu i puti ikh razresheniya [Theoretical Foundations of Conflicts Arising in the Process of Pre-Trial and Trial Proceedings in a Criminal Case and Ways to Resolve Them]. Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk State Technical University Publ., 2012. 323 p.

11. Lebedev N. Yu. Ugolovno-protsessual’nye konflikty, voznikayushchie v khode rassledovaniya prestupleniya: kharakteristika, funktsii, vidy [The Criminal-Procedure Conflicts, Arising During Crime Detection: a Characteristics, Functions, Conclusions]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Tomsk State University Journal, 2008, no. 306, pp. 84–87.

12. Letyaev V. A. Naskol’ko effektivno sochetanie mezhdistsiplinarnykh praktik dlya institualizatsii konflikta? [How Effective Is the Combination of Interdisciplinary Practices for Institutionalizing Conflict?]. Sotsial’nyi konflikt v razlichnykh normativno-semioticheskikh sistemakh – Social Conflict in Various Normative-Semiotic Systems. Kazan, Kazan University Publ., 2012, pp. 10–35.

13. Tomin V. T. Ostrye ugly ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva [Sharp Corners of Criminal Proceedings]. Moscow, Yuridicheskaya literatura Publ., 1991. 239 p.

14. Frantsiforov Yu. V. Protivorechiya ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva. Avtoref. dis. d-ra yurid. nauk [Contradictions in Criminal Proceedings. Ext. Abstr. Dr. Legal Sci. Dis.]. Nizhny Novgorod, 2007. 75 p.

15. Frantsiforov Yu. V. Protivorechiya ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva. Dis. d-ra yurid. nauk [Contradictions in Criminal Proceedings. Dr. Legal Sci. Dis.]. Nizhny Novgorod, 2007. 569 p.

16. Coser L. A. Continuities in the Study of Social Conflict. New York, The Free Press, 1967. 290 p.

17. Coser L. A. The Function of Social Conflict. London, Routledge, 2001. 93 p.

18. Knight J. Institutions and Social Conflict. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992. 234 p.

19. Vago S., Barcan S. E. Law and Society. London, Routledge, 2018. 340 p.